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study guide 10/11 bachelor

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what is tio tio tourism information course university of applied sciences is a private organisation founded by the business community in the nineteen sixties tio offers recognised daytime courses at hbo higher education and mbo intermediate vocational level in the fields of event management hotel industry and tourism small-scale and personal tio s approach as a private educator is both intensive and personal the tio schools are small-scale with short communication lines and small classes this means the teachers and assistants can provide you with a lot of personal attention the number of contact hours at tio is high around 24 hours a week you won t be inconvenienced by cancelled classes at tio because any possible cancelled class is always rescheduled obtain your degree quickly tio s courses are short and intensive tio gives you the opportunity to obtain your bachelor s degree in just three years a unique opportunity mark düthler director 2 global industry opt to study at tio and you opt for a career in the world s largest industry globalisation has resulted in a constant worldwide growth in business travel conferences events and the hotel industry last year the worldwide turnover was 642 billion euro in this branch equalling 30 of the total worldwide export of services.

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table of contents introduction overview of all courses seven reasons to opt for tio two intake moments bachelor courses in 3 years hotel and event management international tourism management about tio work experience explore the world admission education vision and guidance admission for non-eu degree students only general information organisation and quality broaden your horizon the five tio locations open days about utrecht study finance government loan starting out without starting capital studying with a tax advantage payment options 05 06 07 10 22 34 35 36 37 38 40 41 42 46 46 51 52 52 53 54 55 4 5

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overview of all courses mhs mtro hem hotel and event management 3 years bachelor itm international tourism management 3 years bachelor vwo havo mbo 3/4 p 10-19 p 22-31 hma hotel management 1 year mbo4 srh stewardess receptionist hostess 1 year mbo4 plus ctm commercial tourism management 1 year mbo4 havo mbo 2/3 6 7

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seven reasons to opt for tio bachelor in three years following your secondary education you can achieve your higher education bachelor s degree at tio university of applied sciences in three years this is because the course continues during the summer when you will be doing your work placement furthermore the study programme is more intensive with more contact hours compared to government funded courses two intake moments study trips for example to london istanbul new york or beijing your bachelor of business administration bba is also internationally recognised excellent employment opportunities a tio degree opens the doors to the world s largest industry an industry with a great demand for well qualified young people your tio bba degree is your first calling card both at home and abroad through its national coverage tio can make group arrangements with internationally renowned companies for example for work placements the majority of students are immediately offered a job at their final work placement company all courses conducted in dutch start at two different times a year at tio university of applied sciences in september or in january the english variant is only offered at tio s utrecht location starting in september september if you start in september then your work experience will take place at the end of the academic year so after you have completed the second semester some of your lessons will be together with the students who started in january january if you start in january then the majority of your lessons will be together with the students who started in september this is possible because the semesters within an academic year can be followed independently your work experience will take place halfway through the academic year you can make use of the practical experience you have gained during your work experience in the theory lessons in the second semester this will allow you to put matters into context more easily and will `liven up the lessons too 01 student the class lessons are conducted with a maximum of 20 students skill training is done with 10 teachers know you by name it goes without saying that a good atmosphere is very important to tio the communication lines are short the organisation is informal tio is dynamic and accessible 06 private education tio is a private organisation which means its tuition fee is higher than government subsidised education therefore tio can invest more in technology better teachers smaller classes appealing projects and additional class lessons tio offers around 24 contact hours a week and as promised any cancelled class is always rescheduled one in three tio students pays for the course themselves your fellow students have made a conscious choice just like you this guarantees better study results and even more enthusiastic teachers the tio courses are internationally recognised and accredited by the nvao tio has also signed the code of conduct small-scale and personal at tio you are not just a number education at tio is of high quality with personal attention for every 8 02 learning by doing tio s teachers are not just teachers they are specialists in their areas of expertise professionals from the field tio works closely with the largest companies from the industry they organise guest lectures offer work placements and are involved with the development of the teaching material during the classes you organise events yourself you develop tours run a hotel provide a company with advice make study trips visit festivals cook in the cookery studio and write a business plan you complete every year with a work experience of your own choice either in the netherlands or abroad internationally orientated no industry is as international as that of hospitality and tourism modern foreign languages obviously play an important role the majority of students attend one or more work placements abroad in addition you can also study for one semester at one of our partner schools abroad obviously you can go on international excursions or 04 05 widely employable having completed the extensive bachelor course at tio university of applied sciences you become universally employable owing to their sense of service tio graduates are also very welcome in other industries for instance in service organisations and multinationals or in banking and healthcare 07 03 9

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10 sensa nal 11

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hem hotel event management bachelor in 3 years croho-number 34118 hospitality is hot welcome not only to the world of top hotels and star restaurants but also to festivals concerts and sports events the hotel and event management bachelor course offers you the best of both worlds the classic higher hotel school in combination with event management cut out for a career want to be manager of a large hotel abroad perhaps an events and conference organiser then the hem course is the first step marketing sales and communication are essential for attracting guests to make a success of an event or a stay you have to put yourself in the guests shoes after all hospitality is all about creating an experience high demands are also placed on your skills in management and organisation you need professional knowledge insight and a good business sense have you got what it takes the industry leisure time from an overnight stay in a hotel to a visit to a pop festival is big business after the nineteen eighties in the netherlands alone the number of event visits increased from 3.5 to over 27.5 million per year the netherlands plays a major role in the conference market amsterdam is now ranked seventh on the world list of international conference cities dutch people spend as much as a quarter of their income on leisure activities by 2015 in amsterdam alone hotel bed capacity will have increased by 9,000 thus definitely an industry with potential bachelor in three years the hotel and event management course results in the higher hotel education professional competence profile in just three years this bachelor course is accredited by the nvao the hem degree allows you to carry the internationally recognised bachelor of business administration title 12 13

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hem first year hospitality is the focus area and in addition to this you will learn everything there is to know about menu engineering and hotel and restaurant formulas you get to work on preparation techniques in the cookery studio and you are also trained in communication skills during this first year you organise your own event for a company and visit different events tio will be hiring a number of hotels in january you run one of these hotels with fellow students for an entire week everything you have learned is now put into practice you complete this year with an international work placement chosen by yourself second third year year entrepreneurship and e-business are important spearheads marketing event management purchasing management economics and law all form part of your lesson programme your business skills will be put to the test when writing up your business plan you present all facets of the business and use your creativity `imagineering is very important to this you also research companies in practice with your acquired knowledge that is no problem at all you conduct research at the work placement company during your international management work placement after the third year the hospitality and event industry no longer holds any secrets for you you follow a number of courses whereby you expand your knowledge of marketing strategy management organisation skills and cultural communication in addition you get to choose your own specialisation with a minor entrepreneurship international exchange e-business communication multimedia or international business the choice is yours after the first semester you can take part in the international conference week in new york you finish your course with your own graduation research project in the field of hotel and event management study locations utrecht for courses in english and dutch amsterdam eindhoven hengelo rotterdam only offer courses in dutch start of the course monday 23rd august 2010 dutch and english courses international work experience 2 work experience periods of at least 10 weeks and 1 six month thesis assignment study load ± 24 contact hours per week and 12 to 20 hours of self study admission requirements toefl-test test of english as a foreign language or ielts international english language test scope toefl at least 550 points paper based at least 230 points computer based and at least 87 points internet based ielts at least 6.0 havo vwo any profile mbo3/4 ctm2 hma2 or srh2-diploma whoever does not have a second foreign language in their study programme can choose either spanish or italian comparable diploma german arbitur algemeine hochschulreife british gce a-levels or i gcse grades a b or c french baccalaureat american high school top stream or plus 1 year s college or secondary hotel school education positions after the course positions within the areas of commerce hotel management food beverage event organisation and entrepreneurship both at home and abroad where at hotels conference and event organisations catering companies exhibition organisations food and drink suppliers facilitary service providers cultural centres healthcare providers in theme parks and at multinationals your bba degree will open up international doors to various different industries study finance dutch students only students with a dutch passport are entitled to study finance and a public transport student card and can apply for tuition fees credit from the ib group take a look at www.ib-groep.nl for more information the hotel and event management course is nvao accredited ibg registration code 34118 for students from the eu/eea as a foreign degree student from the eu/eea you are entitled to study finance and a public transport student card providing you work a minimum of 32 hours a month based on an official employment contract your entitlement to study finance will continue for the duration of your contract you can also make use of the tuition fees credit on offer an annual amount of 8,100 do you work less than 32 hours a month then you can still apply for tuition fees credit but you are not entitled to study finance take a look at www.ib-groep.nl/international visitors for more information the hotel and event management course is nvao accredited ibg registration code 34118 for students from outside the eu/eea degree students from outside the eu/eea are not entitled to study finance but they can apply for tuition fees credit 8,100 take a look at www.ib-groep.nl international_visitors for more information the hotel and event management course is nvao accredited ibg registration code 34118 annual course fees tuition fees for english bba course1-2 12,500 tuition fees for dutch bba course1-2 11,500 study materials3 1,100 registration fee one off 225 introduction4 275 additional foreign language4 475 business economics for beginners4 275 dutch language culture4 375 international exchange4 1,000 wine study4 375 1 the legal tuition fees of 1,620 will be cancelled 2 an extended registration costs 1,100 per semester an extended registration purely for work experience and final thesis project costs 150 per month 3 the amount quoted for study material is an estimate of the annual book costs the total study material costs for the final academic year amounts to approximately 450 dependent on the chosen minor 4 optional and therefore no obligation continued on page 14 14 continued on page 16 continued on page 18 15

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hem first year study units ects business correspondence 3 business economics 1 4 commercial skills 2 communication 2 company visits 1 1 consumer psychology 3 cooking skills 5 english 1 4 event management 1 2 festival visits 1 food beverage management 3 free choice 1 3 german 1 french 1 italian 1&2 spanish 1&2 3 hotel catering automation 3 hotel practice week project 5 methods and techniques 1 4 organising an event project 4 practical work experience 2 professional development 2 services marketing 4 technical hotel skills 2 technical restaurant skills 3 international work experience 1 15 optional subjects additional language business economics for beginners dutch language culture wine study consumer psychology motives for consumer behaviour motivation perception emotion and preferred behaviour cooking skills you will be getting busy in the cookery studio you will learn how to blanch sauté poach glace and cut english german french spanish italian communicating with guests during the welcome stay and departure phases providing information regarding the hotel and the surrounding area allocating rooms event management 1 from concept to realisation pco project management incentives location choice bid book promotion festival visits visit various different events of your choice analyse backstage provide feedback regarding improvement suggestions food beverage management menu engineering and design food service food concepts catering management drinks knowledge price fixing price control hotel catering automation booking hotel rooms allotments checking guests in and out hotel practice week running a hotel with fellow students you will be busy with preparation activities during the first semester keeping the hotel running smoothly for a week personnel planning cooking serving allocating rooms cleaning manning reception assisting guests organising workshops methods and techniques 1 research skills problem definition qualitative and quantitative research questionnaire construction literature research fieldwork analysis report organising an event organising an event for a company chosen by you or thinking up and executing a totally new concept business correspondence writing business letters commercial texts reports business economics 1 legal forms cost price index numbers reporting profit corporate finance commercial skills sales meetings sales techniques negotiations customer profiling role plays elevator pitch communication role plays non-verbal communication reflection presentation techniques etiquette interview techniques company visits 1 visits to hotels brewery trade fair winery practical work experience gaining work experience in the hospitality industry professional development professional orientation competence development interview training services marketing buyer behaviour market segmentation positioning marketing mix promotion technical hotel skills front office duty management operational management hotel classification systems administration banqueting technical restaurant skills hospitality mastic mise en place clearing tables providing guests with advice and information additional language german 1 french 1 italian 1&2 and/or spanish 1&2 only italian 1 and spanish 1 are at beginner s level business economics for beginners did your preliminary education not include business economics this optional subject will give you the opportunity to acquire the basic knowledge you need dutch language culture the basics of the dutch language and culture wine study wine knowledge wine and spices combinations vinification gastronomy wine tasting and an optional wine trip 17 3 0 4 3 ects stands for european credit transfer accumulation system an ects is equal to 28 hours of studying which includes lesson hours project hours and self study one other language in addition to english is compulsory if you decide on spanish 1 or italian 1 then you will be obliged to continue with spanish 2 or italian 2 in the second year extra costs are linked to this in the second year 16

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hem second year study units ects business economics 2 4 business ethics 2 business plan project 5 company visits 2 1 corporate communication mgt 2 e-business 1 3 english 2 3 event management 2 3 free choice 2 3 guest lectures 1 1 human resource management 3 imagineering project 3 industry research project 4 law 2 logistics and purchasing 3 management skills 3 market analysis 4 methods and techniques 2 4 operation management 4 organisational advice 1 project 1 quality management 4 rooms division management 3 international work experience 2 15 optional subjects additional language wine study business economics 2 financial management estimating business and financial risks roi mergers and take overs business ethics morale socially responsible enterprising professional codes standards and values responsibilities business plan preparing a business plan for a catering or event company chosen by you company visits 2 visits to a conference organisation event organisation horecava catering trade fair party caterer corporate communication management corporate branding image brochures advertisement press communication dm annual reports e-business 1 internet strategy crm e-mailings organic search paid advertising usability search engine optimisation industry research conducting own industry focussed research problem definition theoretic framework in-depth interviews analysing statistical information english german french spanish italian writing business letters producing quotations preparing brochure texts event management 2 public events risk analysis light technology and media guest lectures 1 three guest lectures per year workshops by industry experts human resource management recruitment selection personnel planning performance appraisals career guidance imagineering creating a hospitality or events business concept the budget is unlimited `the sky is the limit create and present an unforgettable experience law drinks and catering law private law public law tax law corporate law employment law international law logistics and purchasing make or buy vendor rating benchmarking purchasing processes contracting negotiating management skills heading up meetings motivating conflict management meeting techniques management styles market analysis analysis of trends and developments competition analysis swot analysis confrontation matrix methods and techniques 2 setting up executing analysing and interpreting research analysing and reacting to industry trends research strategies operation management efficiency and effectiveness of business processes in the hospitality industry designing and analysing these processes organisational advice 1 in teams you will look for a company which you will write an approach plan for in order to analyse various different parts of the organisation for example in relation to purchasing marketing pr personnel management or e-commerce quality management the systematic improvement of your product or service quality management systems business balanced score card pdca cycle rooms division management hospitality in relation to a healthy business managing housekeeping operations fire prevention revenue management yield management 3 2 ects stands for european credit transfer accumulation system an ects is equal to 28 hours of studying which includes lesson hours project hours and self study if you only did spanish 1 or italian 1 in addition to english during the first year then you will be obliged to continue with spanish 2 or italian 2 in the second year extra costs are linked to this additional language german 2 french 2 italian 1&2 and/or spanish 1&2 wine study wine knowledge wine-spices combinations vinification gastronomy wine tasting and an optional wine trip 19 18

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hem third year study units ects cross cultural communication 2 final thesis 40 free choice 3 1 guest lectures 2 1 hotel simulation game 3 marketing strategy 3 minor 20 organisational advice 2 project 4 organisational skills 4 preparing for final thesis 2 optional subjects international conference week international exchange cross cultural communication intercultural interaction intercultural communication cultural sensitivity intercultural conflict management final thesis you will be conducting research thought up by you either independently or within a company after the first semester s preparation activities guest lectures 2 three guest lecture days per year hotel simulation game you and your own management team will be competing against other teams where running the best hotel is concerned finance purchasing yield management marketing management skills everything will be addressed marketing strategy strategic analyses confrontation matrix marketing mix operational marketing plan strategic plan international conference week new york you can join an optional trip to new york for the international conference week this week is all about company visits guest lectures and getting to know international students continuation courses the hem degree will allow you to continue on to a master s course at various different educational institutes both at home and abroad you can for example find good links into our partner schools abroad 20 organisational advice 2 you will now be executing the analyses you described in your approach plan for the various different parts of the organisation you will be writing conclusions based on the analyses and subsequently provide the company with appropriate advice organisational skills management process information flows organisational culture organisational models decision making process business process redesign change management minors students who will be starting their first year january and september inflow or second year september inflow in 2010 will be following one of the following minors during the first semester of the third year communication multimedia how do you promote your own company information architecture animation audio film design imagery banners e-business 2 a continuation of e-business 1 you will learn everything about doing business digitally from designing a website to developing an e-business strategy for a company from within the industry entrepreneurship you will be running your own company complete with your own management team shareholders starting capital customers and an innovative product or service chosen by you you will be aiming to win the `best company of the year title with your company international business languages culture international law and sustainability international exchange you will be studying abroad at one of tio university of applied sciences partner schools for six months you will be moving your boundaries this will allow you to become properly acquainted with both the language and the culture real-life cases jean paul giard intercontinental amstel femmy oldenbeuving incentive europe sacha wetten heineken 1 20 ects stands for european credit transfer accumulation system an ects is equal to 28 hours of studying which includes lesson hours project hours and self study i work within various different departments at the intercontinental amstel hotel which makes the work nice and varied i organise exhibitions and events for multinationals across the entire world at incentive europe i am currently graduating at heineken an amazing company i am loving it here desiree zonneveld nh harrington hall anna casemier puur produkties famke kroese endemol within my role as duty manager i am responsible for all hotel matters within nh harrington hall in london i received an offer from puur produkties to join them as their event manager i worked as a production assistant for `holland s next top model during my work experience placement at endemol visit www.tio.nl/en/courses/hem and read more about these and other tio students 21

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sensa nal interna nal

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itm international tourism management bachelor in 3 years croho-number 34927 make of holidays your work as a tourism manager you sell the world you put tours together purchase competitively and establish worldwide contacts you make good deals and are always one step ahead of the competition tio has been renowned in the world of travel for over 40 years this bachelor course is your `boarding pass cut out for a career you are a traveller to the core and you love discovering new countries and different cultures you have commercial and management abilities following your itm course you put tours together and sell them on you familiarise yourself with international destinations and create tourism opportunities organising study trips are part of your tasks as are the purchasing of aircraft seats hotel beds and excursions as a tourism expert you also make your own business a success the industry globally tourism is the largest industry leisure time is very important people want to enjoy it more and more money is being spent on long distance travel to wonderful new destinations in the product area also there is constant development the internet is becoming increasingly important and creating new trends for example take the developments in the field of dynamic packaging and e-business the industry is constantly looking for well qualified people who can deliver in these areas bachelor in 3 years the international tourism management course leads to the higher tourism and recreational education professional competence profile in just three years this bachelor course is accredited by the nvao the itm degree allows you to carry the internationally recognised bachelor of business administration title 24 25

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itm first year knowledge in tourism is central to the first year travel destinations culture aviation cruises and places of interest are addressed in detail already after the first semester you make an international study trip obviously languages communication and marketing are also part and parcel of the course you put a group trip together with your fellow students tio s best teams compete against each other for the best trip and the winning team actually gets to carry out the trip you choose your own international work placement to complete the year second third year year the second year is all about tourism entrepreneurship and e-business you prepare your own business plan wherein you make use of subjects like marketing management skills purchasing management business economics and e-business think along with your customer and make dreams come true in the field of tour operating conferences events and imagineering you increasingly go out into the field you establish contacts during the second international study trip you also put together a luxury tour if your tour is the best pack your suitcase and experience it for yourself it goes without saying that you decide where you want to take your international work placement continued on page 28 you are now an international tourism expert in the third year you follow a number of integrated subjects including marketing strategy intercultural communication and organisational skills after the first semester you can take part in the international conference week in new york in addition you get to choose your own specialisation with a minor entrepreneurship international exchange e-business communication multimedia or international business finally you put together all you have learned in your own international tourism management graduation research project study locations utrecht for courses in english and dutch amsterdam eindhoven hengelo rotterdam only for courses in dutch start of the course monday 23rd august 2010 dutch and english courses international work experience 2 work experience periods of at least 10 weeks and 1 six month thesis assignment study load ± 24 contact hours per week and 12 to 20 hours of self study admission requirements toefl test test of english as a foreign language or ielts international english language test scope toefl at least 550 points paper based at least 230 points computer based and at least 87 points internet based ielts at least 6.5 and no score lower than 6.0 havo vwo each profile mbo3/4 ctm2 hma2 or srh2-diploma whoever does not have a second foreign language in their study programme can choose either spanish or italian comparable diploma german arbitur algemeine hochschulreife british gce a-levels or i gcse grades a b or c french baccalaureat american high school top stream or plus 1 year s college or secondary hotel school education positions after the course within commerce business travel management sales ticketing consultancy and entrepreneurship both at home and abroad where with tour operators business travel organisations theme parks wildlife resorts outdoor organisations entertainment agencies event and incentive agencies airlines cruise companies research training and advice agencies hotels and travel agencies your bba degree will open up international doors and in various different industries study finance dutch students only students with a dutch passport are entitled to study finance and a public transport student card and can apply for tuition fees credit from the ib group take a look at www.ib-groep.nl for more information the international tourism management course is nvao accredited ibg registration code 34927 for students from the eu/eea as a foreign degree student from the eu/eea you are entitled to study finance and a public transport student card providing you work a minimum of 32 hours a month based on an official employment contract your entitlement to study finance will continue for the duration of your contract you can also make use of the tuition fees credit on offer an annual amount of 8,100 do you work less than 32 hours a month then you can still apply for tuition fees credit but you are not entitled to study finance take a look at www.ibgroep.nl/international_visitors for more information the international tourism management course is nvao accredited ibg registration code 34927 for students from outside the eu/eea degree students from outside the eu/eea are not entitled to study finance but they can apply for tuition fees credit 8,100 take a look at www.ib-groep.nl international_visitors for more information the international tourism management course is nvao accredited ibg registration code 34927 annual course fees tuition fees for english bba course1-2 12,500 tuition fees for dutch bba course1-2 11,500 study materials3 1,200 registration fee one off 225 introduction4 275 additional foreign language4 475 aviation services4 475 business economics for beginners4 275 dutch language culture4 375 international exchange4 1,000 visit and organise events4 375 wine study4 375 1 the legal tuition fees of 1,620 will be cancelled 2 an extended registration costs 1,100 per semester an extended registration purely for work experience and final thesis project costs 150 per month 3 the amount quoted for study material is an estimate of the annual book costs the total study material costs for the final academic year amounts to approximately 450 dependent on the chosen minor 4 optional and therefore no obligation continued on page 26 26 continued on page 30 27

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first year itm study units ects basic fares ticketing 3 business correspondence 3 business economics 1 4 business travel 3 commercial skills 2 communication 2 company visits 1 1 consumer psychology 3 english 1 4 event management 1 3 free choice 1 3 german 1 french 1 italian 1&2 spanish1&2 3 incentive travel project 4 international study trip 1 3 methods and techniques 1 4 professional development 2 reservation systems 2 services marketing 4 tourism and leisure time 3 tourism research project 4 travel destinations 3 international work experience 1 15 optional subjects additional language aviation services business economics for beginners dutch language culture visit and organise events additional language german 1 french 1 italian 1&2 and/or spanish 1&2 only italian 1 and spanish 1 are at beginner s level aviation services external appearance checking in procedures delays baggage travel documents aircraft technology aggression cultural anthropology safety risks tropical illnesses fear of flying this optional subject will also allow you to become employed or do work experience as an air stewardess business economics for beginners did your preliminary education not include business economics this optimal subject will give you the opportunity to acquire the basic knowledge you need dutch language culture the basics of the dutch language and culture visit and organise events you will be visiting various different events and producing backstage analyses you will be using the acquired knowledge to organise an event for a company chosen by you or you can create a completely new concept and execute this yourself too 29 basic fares ticketing iata rules surface breaks line services and charters reservation systems fare calculation and taxes e-ticketing business correspondence writing business letters commercial texts reports business economics 1 legal forms cost price index numbers reporting profit corporate finance business travel communication with tour operators regarding business trips incentives exhibitions looking for and booking package holidays commercial skills sales meetings sales techniques negotiations customer profiling role plays elevator pitch communication role plays non-verbal communication reflection presentation techniques etiquette interview techniques company visits 1 visiting a tour operator travel agency trade fair ferry company consumer psychology motives for consumer behaviour motivation perception emotion and preferred behaviour english german french spanish italian communicating with tour operators and international hotels regarding package holidays and bookings event management 1 from concept to realisation pco project management incentives location choice bid book promotion incentive travel compile a trip for a group of ten people which is as challenging and original as possible the budget is a thousand euro per person the group with the best trip can execute this themselves international study trip 1 you will be visiting a european town together with your class here you will search for opportunities to further develop the tourism methods and techniques 1 research skills problem definition qualitative and quantitative research questionnaire construction literature research fieldwork analysis report professional development professional orientation competence development interview training reservation systems focalpoint viewpoint iata making live bookings booking package holidays checking availability of holidays and flights galileo services marketing buyer behaviour market segmentation positioning promotion 3 5 0 4 5 tourism and leisure time types of leisure time activities socially responsible enterprising tuning the supply to the needs of the customer the influence of tourism on the economy and society tourism research research the possibilities of an own travel agency in a small group and produce a research report travel destinations from the caribbean to japan and from south africa to patagonia everything about the most important places of interest ects stands for european credit transfer accumulation system an ects is equal to 28 hours of studying which includes lesson hours project hours and self study if you only did spanish 1 or italian 1 in addition to english during the first year then you will be obliged to continue with spanish 2 or italian 2 in the second year extra costs are linked to this in the second year 28

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