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english-russian glossary of terms related to hiv/aids afew quality management glossary comparative definitions afew workshop · seminar · training method · methodology · technique output · outcome · impact · · · · · · other organisations and names · how do we spell the globus regions · aids foundation east-west afew « -» april 2007 1

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introduction afew s glossary is divided into three main sections section one is a collection of regularly updated terms related to hiv/aids these terms have been selected and reviewed in the process of afew s growth and development a system of hyperlinks is available to ease alphabetic navigation section two is a glossary of terms in the field of quality management this section matured in the process of creation and reviewing of afew s quality manual and is used in order to ensure that all the internal procedures are consistent in terminology also captured `workshop vs `seminar `methodology vs method `output vs `outcome afew afew « » « » section three lists names of other organisations and important documents the words are listed alphabetically by english abbreviations and acronyms are given in brackets after the spelled-out terms please don t use abbreviations or acronyms without a proper explanation and in general avoid overloading your texts with shortenings nb ctrl+f ­ scan through all three sections find the word you need nb ctrl+f 2

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english-russian glossary of terms related to hiv/aids english a russian abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvw abstinence `abstinence only sex education promotes sexual abstinence until marriage avoids discussion about the use of contraceptives or only reveals failure rates associated with such use excludes all other types of sexual and reproductive health education often supported by religious organisations acid-fast bacilli acid trip paper acid ascorbic acid vitamin c vinegar acetic c acid acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids active drug user acute illness disease symptom adherence to treatment advanced studies advocacy russian literal translation to be accompanied by the footnote below aids centre alcohol pads amphetamine type stimulants ats e anal sex anhydride anorexia anorexia nervosa abstinence maintenance abuse of power access to public health services «advocacy» 3

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english antenatal care russian antibody test antiretroviral arv arv medications antiretroviral theraphy art arv therapy assessment grids assessment module ttitude axial coding b go top background information barebacking barbiturates baseline study data behaviour change behavioural pattern benchmark beneficiaries project beneficiaries the groups that receive the ultimate benefit from a given action idus sex workers plhiv etc benzodiazepines benzo best practices bias birth control a regimen of one or more actions devices or medications to prevent or reduce the likelihood of woman becoming pregnant or giving birth bisexual bleach blinded study blood cultures blood pressure blood transfusion bodily fluids boost boosted enhance the action of a substance or strengthen the immune system «» brain damage breastfeeding bridging population brothel buddy-service treatment buddies «» « » 4

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english buprenorphine burn out burnout syndrome call request for proposals capacity building russian c go top d4 t cd « » « » « » capture-recapture care care and support care giver care service provider case-control study case-finding and enumeration case-study casual partners cd4 helper cd cluster of differentiation cell central nervous system cns charitable foundation check-up examination assessment chief head physician chlamydia chronic illness disease symptoms circuit party clandestine manufacturing laboratories client-centered client-friendly assistance services 5

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english client management preferred over `case management definition client management is the provision for some greater continuity of care through periodic contact between case managers and the client that provides greater or longer coordination and brokerage of services than the client could be expected to obtain without case management russian « » from `cdc guidance on hiv prevention client management « cdc 1997 /» 1997 client manager client managers facilitate linking clients to the complex delivery system and help to enable clients through psycho-social interventions to benefit from appropriate services from `cdc guidance on hiv prevention client management 1997 abd « cdc /» 1997 clinical trial closed confinement closed custody club drugs cocaine `coke cohort longitudinal follow-up study co-infection commission on juvenile affairs commitment community-based counselling services community health complementary medicine therapy alternative medicine therapy conditional matrix condom failure through improper use or low quality «» `condom fatigue a term used by medical professionals and safer sex educators to refer to the phenomenon of decreased condom use it can also be used to describe decreased effectiveness of safer sex messages prevention fatigue the term has particularly been used to describe msm though it applies to people of all genders and sexual orientations confidence interval ci constipation contact centres 6

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english contract hiv be infected with hiv contamination continuum of care russian cookers co-ordinated response efforts coping coping skills corrections officer cosponsor cotton filter court hearing crack cocaine `rock «» credibility criminalisation criminal law cross-sectional study cruising area «» cultivation of poppies cocaine cannabis culture bacterial cut adulterate debase «» `cutting edge d go top decision makers defence attorney dehydration dementia dependency depressant detention detox detoxification diagnostic unit centre diarrhoea dimensional range dimensionalising directly administered antiretroviral therapy 7

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english discharge planning 1 pre-release programme for inmates 2 managing clients exiting excluded from a programme disclose a diagnosis discordant couples russian 1 2 discordant results discriminate sampling dispose of works division e.g in prison vs in an organisation donor dose double-counting draw up drop-in centres «» drug abuse drug consumption drug dealer drug demand reduction ddr drug dependence preferred term to `drug addiction drug law drug policy drug-related harm adverse consequences of drug use drug-related mortality drug resistance drug-resistant hiv drug seizures confiscation drug smuggling drug transportation drug trafficking drug treatment more often used than narcology drug treatment centre clinic drug treatment programme drug treatment service drug treatment specialist narcologist 8

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english drug use drug use education drug use prevention drug user drug dependent avoid using `drug addict russian «» «» e go top `e ecstasy mdma `xtc «» non earmarked funding education message educational establishment institution emotional awareness empowerment enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay elisa elisa reader ephedrine epidemiological surveillance epidemiology russian context infectious disease control the science dealing with the spread of infectious diseases english context the science dealing with the study of health and disease on population level epidemiological surveillance centre equitable access estimation techniques ethnographic research evidence evidence-based unaids recommends to use `evidence-informed instead ­ in recognition of the fact that evidence is only one element playing a role in decision making others may include cultural appropriateness cost feasibility and so on unaids terminology guidelines march 2007 « » unaids terminology guidelines 2007 9

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english ex-drug user exposed occupationally russian external migration extreme drug resistant tuberculosis xdr tb f go top facilitate family of orientation sociology term family of procreation sociology term family planning far-out comparisons feasibility female condom femidom female counselling centre antenatal clinic fenamine `fen fen «» file a charge against fixed-dose combination fdc more than one active ingredient in one pill or tablet e.g in arv or tb medications focus groups foil follow up verb follow-up noun free-listing frontload backload fundraising fusion inhibitor generic generic drug gonorrhoea good practice grant application proposal grant competition g go top 10

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english grassroots level programme guide manual hands-on experience halfway house russian h go top « » a halfway house is a community based residential facility for offenders who have been sentenced to a term of incarceration and are serving a portion of their sentence under community supervision a halfway house provides twenty-four hour supervision general counselling and assistance to offenders some halfway houses may also offer treatment or other programming typically offenders live in a halfway house while they work find a job go to school or attend treatment or other programming a halfway house is an important bridge between institutional care and the community as it is a form of gradual release for the offender back into the community hallucinogens hallucinogenic hard and soft drugs harm reduction hr the world health organization who defines harm reduction as an internationally accepted evidence based public health concept which aims `to prevent or reduce negative health consequences associated with certain behaviours in relation to drug injecting harm reduction components of comprehensive interventions aim to prevent the transmission of hiv and other infections that occur through the sharing of non-sterile injection equipment and drug preparations status paper on prisons drugs and harm reduction who 2005 « » 2005 harm reduction programme harm reduction tree hashish hash health institutions health promotion health promotion campaigns hepatitis a b c d herbalism heroin salt heroin base herpes herpes simplex virus hsv i ii heterosexual highly active anti-retroviral therapy haart hit shot a b d 1 2 11

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english hiv infection note in russian it is more appropriate to use `hiv infection cases although in english `hiv cases is acceptable russian « » « -» hiv care and support programmes hiv incidence rate hiv-infected should be used in a medical context in other cases preference is given to plhiv or hiv positive hiv optimism hiv-positive seropositive hiv-related holistic approach homeopathy homoeopathy homophobe homosexual gay hospice household studies survey human immunodeficiency virus hiv human rights activists i go top if indicated illicit drugs immunisation imprisonment incidence incidence rates frequency of development of a disease in a population over a period of time normally one year the number of new cases a proportion of people who have become infected with hiv during a specified period of time hiv-negative seronegative see prevalence for comparison inclusion social inclusion in-depth interview in-kind support informed consent inhalants 12

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english inject russian injecting drug users idus inmates institutional memory institutionalise institutionalisation insulin syringe internal migration intervention intervention programme intra-muscular im intranasal snort intravenous use iv isoniazid preventive therapy ipt j go top joint 1 2 «» judgmental e.g attitude antonym non-judgemental junkie «» juvenile prison k go top key persons informants knowledge attitudes behaviour and practices kabp survey l go top latent phase law enforcement agencies legalisation legislative assembly lessons learned lgbt-community long-term low-threshold treatment «» 13

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english lubricant lysergic acid diethylamide lsd russian m go top mandatory treatment marginalised groups syn vulnerable groups risk groups high-risk groups « » maternity clinic birthing home maximum security facility prison mayor city administration medical assistance memo men having sex with men msm mentor methadone methadone maintenance treatment mmt methadone therapy treatment media campaigns milk infant formula to replace breastfeeding for children born to hiv-positive mothers minimum security facility mood mind-altering drugs morphine mucous membrane multidisciplinary approach multidrug-resistant tuberculosis mdr tb multiple partners multiplier techniques multivitamin and mineral supplements n go top national health surveillance system nk-cells natural killer cells natural recovery «» natural therapy naturopathy needle exchange methadone bus 14

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english needle exchange point needle syringe exchange programme nep needs assessment network of partner organisations network sampling non-custodial measures penalties non-governmental organisation ngo syn non-profit organisation civil organisation public organisation russian non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors nnrtis non-paying partners nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors nrtis nucleosides o go top odds ratio or open coding open-ended questions questionnaire open-ended sampling opiate alkaloids extracted from opium poppy pods organic substances derived from a natural source e.g morphine codeine opioid narcotic analgesic that is either semi or fully synthetic also refers to entire family of both opiates and opioids opioid receptors not opiate receptors «» «» e.g heroine semi-synthetic opioid methadone synthetic opioid opium opportunistic infections organised crime out-patient outreach work outreach worker outreach worker identification «» 15

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