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industry sectors the primary sector of industry involves the harvesting of raw materials or natural resources into primary products businesses in this sector include agriculture fishing forestry and mining the secondary sector of industry produces manufactured goods this sector usually takes the goods from the primary industry and manufactures goods to be used by consumers these businesses usually have large factories requiring energy to create the products and often have waste materials businesses in this sector include furniture manufacturers ethanol plants and fish canneries tertiary industries are the industries which are also known as the service industries the economic activities in this sector are associated with providing services needed by the primary and secondary industries these industries employ by far the highest numbers of canadians three times as many as in primary and secondary industries combined the majority of these jobs are found in more densely populated areas since they service the people and manufacturers there examples include transportation banking energy communications and entertainment most people in canada work in the service industry one major service produced that is absolutely necessary in society is energy energy can be produced in many ways nuclear energy is produced when water is boiled from heat generated by uranium and then the steam energy is converted into electrical power ontario s major nuclear plant is the bruce nuclear plant in south-western ontario hydroelectric energy is produced when fast flowing water is converted into electrical power one such plant is called sir adam beck communication services include the internet telephone and television and radio broadcasting our world is becoming more connected all the time as we are able to find out instantly things that are occurring on the other side of the earth a writer named marshall mcluhan envisioned the world being interconnected through electronic

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communications this is known as a global village and the internet is making such a concept a reality some businesses or industries operate in more than one country these are called multinational corporations these businesses have a head office in one location but are able to have specific needs met in different countries and are able to ship their products easily to their locations in other countries.

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urban geography urban geography is the study of the history of urban settlement the development of cities urban structure and population spatial patterns that occur within a city as well as urban problems and policies such as the quality of life as an urban area continues to grow problems can arise cities need to expand and valuable farmland can be lost the amount of productive land required to support the lifestyle of an individual country or business is known as an ecological footprint larger cities manufacture more products and this can result in more pollution as it becomes desirable to move to a large urban area land prices increase in that area more people in the city also mean there will be more waste and garbage by the city all of these problems can occur as an urban area grows careful planning is needed to manage all these issues the population of a city province or country is dependent on the number of births deaths and migration canada is a country that has a slow growing population canadians on average have fewer children born and are able to live longer due to a high quality of life canada has many people over the age of 65 and therefore health care is very important in this country people in canada over the age of 65 and under the age of 14 are not considered to be part of the workforce therefore they are dependent on others for health care and schooling these people in a country s population are considered their dependency load the quality of life in society is the state of being healthy happy or prosperous being healthy is a reflection of life expectancy the higher the life expectancy the longer a society lives and improves the quality of life canada is a country with high life expectancy.

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military geography military geography is the specialized field of geography dealing with natural and manmade physical features that may affect the planning and conduct of military operations one of the most important organizations created after the second world war was the united nations u.n it is composed of most of the countries of the world and promotes peace security and economic development an important division of the united nations is the security council it contains five permanent members ­ u.s britain china france and russia it also has ten rotating members it is called into session to respond quickly to international crises canada s role in the u.n security council is to protect civilians in war torn or disaster struck countries one example of this is the war in the middle east wherein canada has sent peacekeeping forces an example of a disaster struck country or area is the recent tsunami in southeast asia canada has supplied aid in the form of medicines food clothing and shelter canada helps other countries as this is the basis of human rights it is important to help the people that live in poverty or are put on the sidelines of society by assisting in areas such as health care transportation and social assistance programs as a member of the united nations it has the responsibility to aid other countries during disasters and war however some canadians view this as a hindrance on canada commonwealth of nations canada also holds membership this the commonwealth of nations see the article from http en.wikipedia.org/the_commonwealth_of_nations.

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commonwealth of nations the commonwealth of nations usually known as the commonwealth is an association of independent sovereign states almost all of which are former territories of the british empire it was once known as the british commonwealth of nations or british commonwealth and some still call it by that name either for historical reasons or to distinguish it from the other commonwealths around the world such as the commonwealth of australia and the commonwealth of the bahamas queen elizabeth ii who is the head of state of 16 commonwealth realms is the head of the commonwealth this title however does not imply any political power over member nations but is seen as a symbol of unity the commonwealth is primarily an organization in which countries with diverse economic backgrounds have an opportunity for close and equal interaction the primary activities of the commonwealth are designed to create an atmosphere of economic cooperation between member nations as well as the promotion of democracy human rights and good governance in them the commonwealth is not a political union of any sort and does not allow the united kingdom to exercise any power over the affairs of the organization s other members while some nations of the commonwealth known as commonwealth realms recognize the british monarch as their head of state the majority do not world map of the commonwealth of nations formerly the british commonwealth as of 2005 current member states are in black.

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membership of the commonwealth of nations the commonwealth encompasses a population of approximately 1.8 billion people making up about 30 of the world s total india is the most populous member with a billion people at the 2001 census while pakistan bangladesh and nigeria each contain more than 100 million people tuvalu by contrast the smallest has only 11,000 inhabitants the land area of the commonwealth nations equals about a quarter of the world s land area with australia canada the world s second-largest nation by area and india each having more than 1.5 million square miles membership is open to countries that accept the association s basic aims members are also required to have a present or past constitutional link to the united kingdom or to another commonwealth member not all members have had direct constitutional ties to the united kingdom some south pacific countries were formerly under australian or new zealand administration namibia was governed by south africa from 1920 until independence in 1990 cameroon joined in 1995 although only a fraction of its territory had formerly been under british administration there is only one member of the present commonwealth which has never had any constitutional link to the british empire or a commonwealth member mozambique a former portuguese colony was admitted in 1995 following the mozambique s first democratic elections held in 1994 who doesn t belong charles de gaulle twice suggested that france should apply for commonwealth membership though it was never a member of the british empire despite centuries of english/british monarchs claiming the title king of france this idea was never realised but was a follow-up to a proposal made by churchill to join the british and french governments during world war ii although it was suggested that israel join the commonwealth this proposal was opposed by most israelis despite their histories of british rule the following countries have never joined egypt iraq bahrain jordan kuwait oman united states nor hong kong go to assignment 10 in your student workbook.

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