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living red worm preservation for commercial ornamental fish feed 2553

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living red worm preservation for commercial ornamental fish feed 2552 165,000

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p. 3

1 2552 165,000

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2 1 2 4 5 1 3 5 5 6 12 14 18 21 22 24 23 24 25 25 26 34 35 39

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3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 24 48 72 hbss ca-f hbss 2 0.9 3 6 4 19 20 26 27 28 31 33 33

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4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 13 28 29 29 32 c plumatisetigerus c plumatisetigerus c plumatisetigerus c plumatisetigerus c plumatisetigerus c plumatisetigerus 4 0 0-10

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p. 7

1 living red worm preservation for commercial ornamental fish feed cryoprotectants extender 0 4 25 24 48 72 50 4 53.33 46 0 28 21.33 25 21.33 2.67 p<0.05 cryoprotectants extender hank s balanced salt solution hbss calcium free hank s balanced salt solution ca-f hbss 2 0.9 hbss ca-f hbss 2 0.9 10 12 16.3 3.21 22 2.00 28.3 6.80 55.3 6.92 12 1.73 2 p<0.05

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p. 8

2 abstract the living red worm preservation in in low cost cryoprotectant and extender solution such as distilled water water+white egg syrup and ice-cream was studied preservation at different temperature including keeping red worm at 0 4 and 25 c in 24 48 and 72 hour was investigated 50 larvae was used 4 c showed the best survival rate they could survive in distilled water and water+white egg but not in syrub and ice-cream the survival rates of red worm preserved in distilled water and water+white egg at 4 c were 5.33 and 46 respectively the survival rates of red worm preserved in distilled water and water+white egg at 0 c were 28.00 and 21.33 respectively respectively the survival rates of red worm preserved in distilled water and water+white egg at 25 c were 21.33 and 2.67 respectively the average survival rate of red worm kept in distilled water hbss ca-f hbss 2 glucose solution and 0.9 nacl solution at 12 c 20 larvae/ml in 10 days were 16.3+3.21 22.0+2.00 28.3 6.80 55.3 6.92 and 12 1.73 respectively which were significant differences p<0.05 2 glucose solution had the highest survival rate however further study on effect of environment temperature and season on red worm preservation must be conducted for adjust the suitable for industrial purpose.

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p. 9

3 chironomid larvae blood worm borror and delong 1964 2536 5.29 1.20 1.22 0.89 0.06 495.50 2532 100 8.61 1 2545 feed conversion ratio fcr hepher and pruginin 1981 80 200 350 400 2533 2545

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4 1 2532 5.29 1.20 0.88 91.39 1.21 0.06 61.53 14.04 10.32 0 14.02 495.51

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p. 11

5 1 2 3 1 2 3.

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6 1 larvae midge borror and delong 1964 bland and jaques 1978 daly et al 1978 lehmkuhl 1979 mamaer and krivosheina 1993 romoser and stoffolano,1994 stevens 2000 epler 2001 phylum arthopoda subphylum uniramia superclass hexapoda class insecta subclass pterygota infraclass neoptera superorder mecopteroidea order diptera suborder nematocera superfamily culicoidea family chironomidae genus chironomus chironomus plumosus c attenuatus c tentans c riparius c plumatisetigerus bland and jaques,1978 2537 shobanov 1990 1 bland and jaques 1978 robinson 1996 plumose 8 10 500 2,300 wirth and stone 1956

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p. 13

7 3 4 3 18 gullan and cranston 1994 haemoglobin thompson and english 1966 price 1975 samways 1994 3 1 1 barnes 1949 johannsen and thomsen 1937 2 3 1 2 clypeus 3 clypeus clypeus c plumatisetigerus clypeus labrum labium 15 5 2 2 1 1 4 6 5 7 12 3 cephalothorax elzinga 1997 hirons 1966 1 ross 1965 blood gill blood gill 2 ventral blood gill ventral tubule 2 11 anal blood gill anal tubule 2 12 4 10 11 lateral projection borror and delong 1964 2537 prothoracic appendage anal feet 2

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p. 14

8 4 borror and white 1970 10 -12 tube nath et al 1998 2 6 8 walshe 1951 0.01 0.7 leuchs and neumann 1990 jonasson and kristiansen 1967 2537 prepupa pupa 1 2

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p. 15

9 1 hirons 1966 2 c plumatisetigerus 2537 3 c plumatisetigerus 2537

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