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report of the 2016 ioc evaluation commission games of the xxxi olympiad

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contents introduction 5 chicago 9 tokyo 27 rio de janeiro 45 madrid 63 summaries 81 appendices 87 3

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introduction the ioc evaluation commission the commission for the games of the xxxi olympiad in 2016 is pleased to present the results of its evaluation of the four candidate cities for the 2016 olympic games chicago tokyo rio de janeiro and madrid1 seven cities initially submitted applications to host the 2016 olympic games the four candidate cities listed above as well as prague czech republic baku azerbaijan and doha qatar at its meeting on 4 june 2008 and on the basis of an assessment carried out by a working group the ioc executive board selected chicago tokyo rio de janeiro and madrid as candidate cities the 2016 candidate cities have been able to benefit from services that the ioc constantly strives to improve these included a seminar dedicated to the applicant cities participation in the beijing olympic games observer programme and the official debrief of the beijing games briefings on specific topics and access to the ioc s olympic games knowledge management programme the knowledge and expertise made available by the ioc to the cities is reflected in the projects put forward by the 2016 candidate cities which are all of an extremely high level and demonstrate detailed planning and comprehensive strategies in technical and operational matters as well as many other areas including sustainability the environment accessibility and integrated city development it has been clearly demonstrated that investments in olympic bids will generate positive legacies irrespective of whether a city is awarded the 2016 games the quality of the candidature files and the presentations made during the visits greatly assisted the commission in assessing each city s proposal and preparing this report during the visits the commission was very pleased to meet with the ioc members in the respective countries and with many olympians and paralympians the presence and support of representatives of the highest levels of government and the private sector demonstrate the importance of the games on a regional and national level and underline that even in the context of the current global economic climate organising the olympic and paralympic games represents a catalyst for change and an opportunity for social economic and environmental development the commission s task is to prepare a technical report to assist the ioc members in the important decision of electing the 2016 host city by verifying the information provided in the candidature file and determining whether the plans proposed are feasible the commission carried out visits to the cities on the following dates ­ chicago united states of america 4 ­ 7 april 2009 ­ tokyo japan 16 ­ 19 april 2009 ­ rio de janeiro brazil 29 april ­ 2 may 2009 ­ madrid spain 5 ­ 8 may 2009 this report reflects the unanimous opinion of the commission and has been signed by its members it takes into consideration all information received up until the end of the visit to each respective city 1 cities listed in order of drawing of lots carried out by the ioc executive board on 12 december 2007 5

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introduction general issues to complete this introduction the following section contains some general information about the report as well as a number of points which are common to all candidate cities and are therefore not covered in each city s individual report 1 working procedures the commission followed the same working procedure in each candidate city with presentations on all themes of the ioc candidature procedure and questionnaire and visits to the proposed competition and non-competition venues 2 terminology language throughout the report when the commission refers to the games this encompasses both the olympic and paralympic games unless specifically stated athletes refers to both olympic and paralympic athletes the original version of this report was drafted in english consequently in the event of a discrepancy between the french and english texts the english text shall prevail 3 paralympic games elements concerning the paralympic games feature not only in the paralympic section but are embedded throughout the report the paralympic budget has been integrated into the olympic games budget 4 population figures the population figures mentioned in theme 3 are figures that the cities themselves submitted in their application files in phase i of the process 5 finance for budgeting purposes ocog revenue the ioc advised the candidate cities to include figures of usd 675 million for the ioc contribution and usd 335 million for top sponsorship revenue 2016 values in addition the ioc informed the candidate cities that the ioc would assume the responsibility and operational cost of the olympic broadcasting organization obo through its fully-owned subsidiary obs sa the candidate cities were requested to provide budget figures in us dollars and local currency in both 2008 and 2016 values all figures mentioned in the report where not specified otherwise are in usd 2008 value 6 accommodation the ioc requires candidate cities to guarantee ­ 40,000 rooms in various categories ­ a usd 2016 room rate for ioc hotels 1,800 rooms ­ a maximum usd 2016 room rate including the calculation method for other accredited client groups the total guaranteed room numbers include the rooms secured in the co-host cities 7 travel times all travel times represent average 2016 bus travel times as provided by the candidate cities in their candidature file 8 rounding of figures figures in the report have been rounded where percentages do not add up to 100 this may be due to rounding 6

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9 number of venues ­ counting methods for each candidate city venues have been counted according to the following principles ­ road courses except for triathlon are not counted as venues ­ in the case of venues with multiple halls each separate hall is counted as one venue ­ a venue hosting two or more sports not simultaneously is counted as one venue e.g rowing canoekayak flatwater ­ unless specified otherwise the total venue count includes preliminary football venues 10 terrorism terrorism has become a global concern and affects all candidate cities equally the commission has not commented on this element of security in the individual city reports as it considers that all cities and their respective countries have demonstrated a commitment to maintaining a high level of vigilance and implementing prevention methods 11 public opinion as additional background information the ioc commissioned its own opinion poll in the candidate cities and their respective countries in february 2009 a summary of the results of this poll which was carried out by sports marketing surveys can be found in appendix b 12 letters of concern as is the case with each edition of the olympic games letters of concern were addressed to the commission the commission received requests to meet with representatives of certain groups during its visits to chicago and tokyo to which it agreed the concerns related to specific sites or were mainly of an environmental financial and social nature 13 maps a map taken from each city s candidature file is included in appendix c and will assist readers in understanding each city s overall concept and to situate the venues annexes a composition of the commission b summary of ioc opinion poll results c maps d abbreviations 7

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chicago 9

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chicago vision legacy communications and overall concept of the games chicago proposes to hold the 2016 olympic games from 22 july to 7 august chicago aspires to bring the world together for a spectacular experience with athletic competition and cultural celebration woven into the setting of the city s public gardens and parks centred on the shores of lake michigan leaving a sustainable urban sport social and environmental legacy for the community chicago presents a concentrated games plan with 22 competition venues the olympic village and many hotels inside an 8 km radius of the city centre outside the 8 km radius would be tennis 13 km modern pentathlon 29 km shooting 55 km and equestrian 84 km in addition and for if technical reasons road cycling and mountain bike events would take place 256 km and 293 km away respectively in the state of wisconsin chicago s vision is let friendship shine and a spectacular experience in the heart of the city this is in line with the city s long-term planning strategy based on the vision of daniel burnham the architect of the 1909 plan of chicago and the planner of the world s columbian exposition in 1893 a festival organised using temporary venues the games concept would also include other elements such as celebration sites and cultural activities turning the centre of the city into an olympic playground the lakefront setting of venues live sites parklands and cultural institutions and activities should help create a festive atmosphere in a city that has good experience in hosting lakefront festivals with this objective and as the city does not need large new sports venues chicago 2016 aspires to conceive and achieve a sustainable venue construction project to meet the city s need for accessible community sports facilities therefore the games concept is mostly based on using temporary venues in the mccormick place exhibition centre adjacent to the olympic village for 11 sports and the ibc/mpc and 15 demountable or scaled-down venues such as the olympic stadium main swimming pool tennis beach volleyball and shooting understanding that venues need to be state-of-the-art during the 60 days of the games chicago 2016 has embarked on a thorough study including financial implications to demonstrate that the games could be sustainable this concept is in line with the ioc games study commission recommendation to build a new venue only if there is a legacy need and would certainly have a positive impact on legacy but would mean greater financial responsibility for the ocog which would be required to finance and deliver a significant part of the project during the seven years leading up to the olympic games chicago intends through this vision to achieve the following objectives ­ create a cultural programme based on a festival of sport and humanity in which the dissemination and promotion of olympic values and the role and benefits of sport in society would be integrated into chicago s extensive existing festivals and special events ­ advance sport for all by providing opportunities for young people and the urban population to be active in sport through the continuation of the park district calendar of events and the newly-formed world sport chicago initiated by the bid ­ preserve and advance the natural environment with a blue-green games programme of environmental education and conservation initiatives in addition a usd 10 million fund from seven foundations has been established to promote economic and community development in chicago particularly in neighbourhoods close to proposed venues 10

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political and economic climate and structure population with these programmes chicago aims to become a model for other cities and for the olympic movement in this respect chicago has engaged with mayors from other us cities and aims to expand this network to cities throughout the world to showcase its urban programme the united states olympic committee usoc has a national schools and communities education programme to promote the olympic values which reaches four million children annually chicago 2016 would complement this initiative by working with the olympic taskforce of the us conference of mayors to promote olympic education to young people around the country chicago intends to use the opportunity of the olympic games to showcase and implement the programmes described above however a clear delineation of roles and responsibilities and good cooperation would be required between all stakeholders in order to ensure that the ocog would not be over-burdened operationally and financially by these programmes a youth camp is proposed for 1,000 people with approximately 800 coming from abroad there has been significant involvement of the usoc and athletes in the planning of the project and its legacy aims the population of the united states of america usa is currently 300 million there are 8 million people in the chicago metropolitan area and 3 million in the city of chicago political structure/responsibility the usa is a federal republic with an executive president as the head of government the president is elected for a four-year term and can be re-elected only once the political structure is defined by the united states constitution under the usa constitution power is divided between national state and city levels of government with most decision-making responsibility for services and infrastructure given to the states in this case the state of illinois the city would be the principal governmental delivery authority taking primary financial responsibility for the games in cooperation with the ocog there is also strong financial and delivery reliance on public private partnerships which is the model which is commonly used in the usa economy the us economy is the largest in the world with a 2007 gdp of approximately usd 13.8 trillion source world bank chicago 2016 states that the 2006 gdp for the chicago metropolitan area was approximately usd 500 billion and that the estimated average annual inflation rate between 2010 and 2016 is 2.5 communications programme chicago proposes a comprehensive communications plan to run until 2016 during the seven years it would emphasize key thematic elements of the olympic movement it would also tell a story about the benefits the games bring to a host city 11

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chicago legal aspects support the chicago bid enjoys the support of major political parties at federal state and local government level and of the chicago business community the federal government the states of illinois and wisconsin the site for cycling and the chicago city government have provided commitments in support of the bid as have the co-host cities during the commission s visit the presence of senior national government officials demonstrated the federal government s strong support and cooperation to deliver the games including the formation of an olympic office in the white house the union movement in chicago is supportive of the bid and with chicago 2016 has signed a memorandum of understanding to facilitate all construction work and other services required to host the games guarantees all guarantees required by the ioc were provided with the exception of a guarantee for the financing of the olympic village in addition the overall shortfall guarantee contains an upper limit chicago 2016 the city of chicago and the usoc had made a number of legal submissions to the ioc regarding the application of the host city contract which were not accepted by the ioc legislation the games would be supported by existing legislation the city of chicago olympic approvals ordinances 2007 and 2009 provide the city commitments for the games but limit any guarantee to cover financial loss to usd 500 million the state of illinois 2016 olympic and paralympic games act supports the organisation of the games and provides a further financial guarantee of usd 250 million it states that the city of chicago in cooperation with the ocog would have the primary responsibility for the organisation of the games opinion poll the public opinion poll commissioned by the ioc shows the following levels of support for hosting the 2016 olympic games 67 support in chicago and 61 nationally during its visit the commission met with a local group at its request to hear its concerns regarding holding the 2016 games in chicago ocog structure and transition the ocog would be established as an illinois not-for-profit corporation and would qualify as a charitable organisation the ocog board would be composed of 32 members including the ioc members in the united states and members appointed by the key stakeholders the ocog the city of chicago and the usoc the proposal involves ten members of the board being nominated by the ocog chairman and seven members by the mayor of chicago both of whom would also serve as board members this representation leaves some doubt as to the ultimate responsibility for delivery of the games chicago 2016 states that the current chairman and ceo of the bid would serve as the initial ocog chairman and ceo 12

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customs and immigration formalities entry into the country entry into the united states of america usa would be guaranteed with a valid passport and an olympic identity/accreditation card in accordance with ioc requirements in addition accredited persons with hiv/aids would be issued with a waiver allowing entry to the usa the usa authorities and the ocog are aware that athletes and sports officials may visit the usa for sports competitions and training well before the games and are also aware of the test event programme an existing programme the olympic leader travel program created by usoc in collaboration with the national governmental authorities would facilitate entry to the usa environment and meteorology plans and actions chicago s olympic-related environmental plans and actions are based and build upon a strong set of existing city policies and programmes including several emission reduction programmes city plans have resulted in the significant expansion of green spaces retrofitting of buildings for energyefficiency and green building codes required for any new structures chicago s blue-green games vision has objectives with regard to climate as well as a low-carbon games with all electricity needs coming from renewable sources and offsets for carbon emissions for example from air travel resource conservation including green procurement programmes and sustainable legacy together with the creation of environmental education initiatives and a sports and environment institute for sharing innovations ideas and plans with other cities and sports organisations there are also plans for water conservation and access including a global water access initiative for developing countries the commission noted that the ocog s proposed involvement and partnerships in regard to this initiative are yet to be arranged and would require close consultation with the ioc and other members of the olympic movement some existing park areas would be used for permanent venues for passive and active recreation the building of only six new permanent venues for the games and the extensive use of temporary facilities would reduce environmental impact work permits the systems used for visa applications during the 2002 salt lake city olympic games would be put into place the secretary of state would appoint olympic coordinators in us diplomatic posts around the world to enhance the systems for entry and for granting work permits for olympic-related personnel importation of goods the usa tariff suspension and trade act 2000 would allow for the import use and export of goods and consumables for the games without tax or other duties these regulations would apply for test events and any other games-related early entries into the usa 13

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chicago finance ocog budget although there is close integration of games-related environmental plans with long-term city strategies for urban environment and sustainability improvement the delineation of roles and responsibilities for delivery and monitoring of environment and sustainability measures by the ocog government agencies and other proposed entities would need to be clearly defined the usa has not signed the kyoto protocol but chicago has officially adopted protocol goals and is committed to cutting carbon emissions by 25 below 1990 levels by 2020 chicago proposes a balanced ocog budget with revenue and expenditure of approximately usd 3.8 billion this includes capital investments of usd 162.2 million mainly for competition and training venues the ioc contribution and top sponsorship income represent 27 of chicago s total revenue the domestic sponsorship programme for the olympic and paralympic games managed in a joint venture between the ocog and the noc is expected to total usd 1.83 billion in gross revenue generating usd 1.31 billion in the ocog budget 35 of revenue ticket sales and licensing revenues total usd 876 million 23 of revenue while donations amount to usd 246 million or 6 of revenue major expenditure items are venue operations amounting to usd 1.06 billion 28 of expenditure games workforce at usd 509 million 13 technology at usd 463 million 12 administration at usd 273 million 7 and transport at usd 226 million 6 the expenditure budget includes a contingency of usd 450 million which represents 12 of expenditure air and water quality air quality levels meet world health organization who guideline values drinking water also meets who standards meteorology average meteorological conditions temperatures humidity wind and rain are satisfactory while the commission expressed some concern that the average wind strengths which increase in the afternoon e.g approximately 18 km per hour at 3 p.m at the games centre zone could result in the disruption of several sports or disciplines ­ archery rowing/canoe kayak flat water tennis and open swimming ­ in particular wind-exposed venues it should be noted that the respective ifs have approved the venues non-ocog budget the non-ocog capital investment budget amounts to usd 1.03 billion including usd 977 million for the olympic village and usd 54 million for competition venues as the bid does not envisage any incremental investment for the olympic and paralympic games no figures have been provided on the other items that follow a natural cost growth path airport roads and railways accommodation medical etc the commission nevertheless points out that significant investment in upgrading transport infra 14

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additional comments structure and rolling stock would be required for the games which has not been identified in the non-ocog budget with the exception of the environmental management systems usd 6.4 million the non-ocog operations budget items have not been indicated but have been committed to by the respective government agencies or institutions a significant ocog expenditure budget of usd 3.8 billion is proposed due to an extensive construction programme of permanent and temporary venues which is supported by an ambitious marketing programme chicago 2016 is confident that the strength of the local and national business communities would enable it to reach its commercial target the budget has been well prepared with a great amount of detail assumptions are well supported and documented while the structure of responsibilities and the heavy financial reliance on the ocog to deliver the infrastructure requires it to generate significant revenues and early cash flow the commission recognizes the strong revenue generating capability and the commitments shown by the business community the budget is ambitious but achievable financial guarantees the city of chicago through the 2016 olympic and paralympic games governmental cooperation agreement and the state of illinois through the 2016 olympic and paralympic games act have guaranteed to provide all security medical and other government-related services at no charge to the ocog at national level the games would be designated as a national special security event which guarantees that personnel equipment and resources necessary to ensure the security of the games would be provided free of charge to the ocog the chicago park district has agreed to provide its parks and venues free of charge for the games at the time of the visit contrary to ioc requirements chicago 2016 had not provided a full guarantee covering any potential economic shortfall of the ocog which includes refunds to the ioc for advances in payment or other contributions made by the ioc to the ocog which the ioc may have to reimburse to third parties in the event of any contingency such as full or partial cancellation of the olympic games instead the city of chicago and the state of illinois have provided up to usd 500 million and usd 250 million shortfall guarantees respectively for the games 15

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chicago marketing joint marketing programme agreement the city of chicago and usoc have agreed on a joint marketing programme agreement the content of which at the time of the visit did not fully comply with ioc requirements ticketing chicago s ticketing structure with a total of 8.9 million tickets would provide 51 of all competition tickets at less than usd 50 the average ticket price across all competition events would be usd 71 ticketing revenue estimates are usd 705 million for the olympic games and usd 30 million for the paralympic games based on a sales rate of 85 for the olympic games based on past experience and in comparison with other sports ticket pricing in chicago and the usa these revenue targets are considered achievable billboards and advertising guarantees have been secured for 95 of outdoor advertising sites until mid 2015 the formula to calculate rates included in the binding contracts with advertisers is generally based on the average price for the 2010 to 2012 period plus 7 inflation for each of the years 2013 to 2016 which does not completely follow ioc requirements rights protection the united states has extensive existing legislation that protects olympic intellectual property rights the city of chicago also has existing legislation that would protect against ambush marketing during the games the city is committed to forming an olympic brand protection commission to assist the ocog furthermore the 2016 olympic and paralympic games governmental cooperation agreement includes a commitment by the city s governmental partners to cooperate to prevent ambush marketing and illegal street vending before and during the period of the games the state of illinois 2016 olympic and paralympic games act would also be of assistance in regard to brand protection processes local sponsorship and licensing the domestic sponsorship programme would be managed in a joint venture between the ocog and the noc the bid has set ambitious targets for local sponsorship at usd 1.83 billion in gross revenue netting usd 1.31 billion after usoc s share marketing and sales expenses and ioc royalties licensed merchandise revenue is set at usd 152 million a further usd 17 million is projected from a coin programme there is a very strong tradition of sponsorship and licensing in the chicago and us markets given the large ticket market and the major and committed corporate community in chicago the marketing plan and revenue targets appear to be ambitious but achievable nevertheless the extensive marketing programme would have to be efficiently implemented to support the ocog s significant expenditure budget 16

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sport and venues sports concept chicago proposes a compact olympic games concept with 20 venues within 10 km of the olympic village nineteen venues would be within 10 minutes and four venues within 10 ­ 20 minutes of the olympic village the majority of the proposed 31 venues would be located along the lakefront close to the city centre travel distances from olympic village 10 km 11­20 km 21­30 km 31­40 km 41­50 km 51­100 km 100 km total not including 4 preliminary football venues n° of competition venues 20 3 1 0 0 2 equestrian and shooting 1 cycling 27 existing no permanent work required existing permanent work required planned irrespective of the games additional permanent games dependent to be scaled down after the games additional temporary games dependent total including 4 preliminary football venues note the new shooting venue is a temporary venue venue construction status n° of competition venues 15 0 1 6 9 31 30 training venues are proposed 17 new and 13 existing the majority of which are within an 8 km radius of the city centre venue construction status chicago proposes a total of 31 venues 15 existing with no permanent work required including 8 venues in the mccormick place exhibition centre one to be built irrespective of the olympic games six new additional permanent venues built only if chicago is elected and scaled down after the games and nine temporary venues note new shooting venue proposed during the commission s visit 55 km from the olympic village the venues are grouped into five zones lake michigan sports complex south shore olympic park douglas park district lincoln park and the olympic waterfront furthest from the olympic village and outside the chicago city area would be tempel farm equestrian ­ 84 km road cycling 256 km and mountain bike 293 km both in wisconsin these two cycling events would be located outside the city area due to the if s technical requirements during the commission s visit a new proposal for the shooting venue was presented which has been approved by the if this venue would be 55 km 45 minutes from the olympic village four new permanent venues would be completed by 2015 and two by april 2016 the majority of temporary venues would be completed no later than 2015 with two in 2016 which could present an increased risk with regard to the organisation of test events 17

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chicago paralympic games venue features/issues a new olympic stadium would have a seating capacity of 80,000 post-games capacity would be reduced to around 10,000 the sports legacy plan includes purpose-built competition venues which could be reconfigured at a later date into facilities for youth sports programmes permanent venues have been planned according to predetermined local community needs facilities would also be linked to world sport chicago s development initiatives including engaging young people in a broad range of sports and recreation programmes concept chicago 2016 proposes to hold the paralympic games from 17 to 28 august chicago has put forward a two games one celebration proposal promising the same quality of experience for all athletes ­ olympic and paralympic the concept includes ­ increased profile for paralympic athletes and promotion of the paralympic brand ­ enhanced promotion to encourage people with disabilities to become involved in sport ­ linking the centre of the city of chicago with competition venues cultural amenities parklands and the olympic village in compact and accessible clusters along the lakefront ­ a games in the park theme using the positioning of the olympic village and many venues along the nearby shores of lake michigan sports experience in the past decade chicago has organised international events for six out of the 26 olympic summer sports and the usa has organised international events in all 26 sports budget the budget presented for the paralympic games is usd 187.7 million including an anticipated federal government subsidy of usd 74.6 million in view of previous paralympic games held in the usa organising committee key features include ­ a joint organising committee with paralympic games planning organisation and delivery integrated within the ocog ­ paralympic representation on the ocog board 18

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